Bronze Celtic Warrior Found Among 40,000 Artifacts in Bavarian Excavations

German archaeologists have uncovered a three-inch bronze Celtic warrior figurine among more than 40,000 artifacts during three years of excavations at Manching oppidum in Bavaria. Standing just under three inches tall, the miniature soldier wears chest armor and holds a shield and sword, displaying remarkable detail despite its small size.

Researchers determined the figurine was made using lost-wax casting—a process involving crafting a wax model, coating it in clay, then pouring molten bronze into the hollow mold after the wax melts away. A loop at the top suggests the statuette was intended to be worn as a pendant.

Founded in the late fourth century B.C., Manching was one of central Europe’s most important Iron Age urban centers, housing up to 10,000 people at its height. Over three years, excavation teams recorded 1,300 new archaeological features across the sprawling settlement.

Fish scales and bones within trash deposits provided the first direct evidence that residents consumed fish along with their usual diet of grains, beef, and pork. Previous research had suggested fish consumption based on the site’s location near waterways, but physical proof had been lacking until now.

Manching’s archaeological importance stems from its position as a major Celtic settlement that operated from roughly 250 B.C. to 80 B.C. Excavations continue at the site, with researchers documenting each discovery to build a comprehensive picture of Celtic urban life before Roman conquest.

Header image: Bronze Celtic warrior figurine Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation