Sealed Byzantine Amphora Discovered in Shipwreck off the Coast of Turkey

In a major archaeological discovery, a team of researchers from Dokuz Eylül University has uncovered a sealed Byzantine amphora estimated to be around 1,100 years old, located in a shipwreck off the coast of Marmaris, in Muğla Province, Turkey. The find took place during underwater excavations in the Aegean Sea, at a depth of approximately 50 meters, as part of a project led by the Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism.

The amphora, dated to the Byzantine period (9th or 10th century), is remarkably well preserved, making it a unique artifact for archaeological research. Its original sealing suggests it may still contain goods from the era, such as olive oil, wine, or spices — products that were commonly traded across Byzantine maritime routes. The rarity of intact, sealed amphorae — since most were either broken or opened during shipwrecks or over time — highlights the significance of this discovery.

According to statements from the Ministry, the contents of the amphora will be carefully analyzed to provide insights into commercial practices, maritime routes, and the regional economy during the Byzantine era. Additionally, the exceptional condition of the artifact will allow researchers to study the manufacturing techniques and materials used in its production in great detail.

The shipwreck where the amphora was found forms part of an extensive underwater archaeological site currently being meticulously explored by the marine archaeology team from Dokuz Eylül University, renowned for their expertise in the field. The ongoing excavations aim to recover more artifacts that could shed light on maritime life, ship designs, and the trade networks that connected the Byzantine Empire with other regions of the Mediterranean.

The Ministry of Culture and Tourism emphasized the importance of this discovery for Turkey’s cultural heritage, noting that Marmaris and its surrounding areas are rich in submerged archaeological remains due to their strategic location along ancient trade routes of the eastern Mediterranean.

This remarkable find not only expands our knowledge of trade and navigation during the Byzantine period, but also underscores the critical role of underwater archaeology in preserving and studying history. Excavations at the shipwreck site will continue, with hopes of uncovering more artifacts that can further reconstruct the maritime history of the region. The project also reflects Turkey’s ongoing commitment to protecting and promoting its cultural heritage, both on land and underwater, for future generations.Top Image: Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation and Restoration at Akdeniz University