Arslan Kaya, the Lion Rock, is now believed to be dedicated to the Phrygian mother goddess Materan. Source: Ingeborg Simon / CC BY-SA 3.0.

Partial Decipherment of Arslan Kaya Monument Gives Its Goddess a Name

In the west of Turkey, in the highlands of ancient Phrygia stands a enigmatic tower of volcanic rock. Known as Arslan Kaya, it has intrigued scientists for generations. More than two and a half millennia old, the 15-meter-tall monument is nothing short of a work of art. Carved into the surface of “Lion Rock” as

The tomb raiders did not stop at stealing Etruscan funerary items: entire sarcophagi were stolen. Source: Italian Ministry of Culture.

Looted Etruscan Artwork Recovered from Amateurish Tomb Raiders

Italian Police have announced the recovery of looted artifacts stolen from a necropolis in Italy, according to a statement from the Italian Ministry of Culture. The artifacts, from Umbria in central Italy, date to the 3rd century BC and are Etruscan, a civilization which controlled central Italy before Rome was the dominant power in the

The Blue Qur’an is a stunning artifact, 1200 years old and of obscure origins. And now a new study has discovered hidden verses in its indigo pages, hidden behind a layer of gold.

Hidden Verses Found Behind Layer of Gold on Famous Blue Qur’an

Researchers from Zayed National Museum have found something hidden in the Blue Qur’an, a world famous manuscript and stunning example of Islamic calligraphy dating from 800-900 AD. Hidden behind a layer of gold leaf were hidden lines of verse, words from the Surah An-Nisa, the fourth chapter of the Qur’an. According to the press release,

Vanguard Cave, part of the UNESCO Gorham’s Cave complex, holds a secret: neanderthals built a hearth within for making glue, 65,000 years ago. Source: Gipmetal77; Victuallers / CC BY-SA 3.0.

65,000-Year-Old Gibraltar Neanderthals Built an Oven for Making Glue

A new discovery in Gibraltar may finally confirm a long held theory about Neanderthals. While we know they knew how to make fire, now we know to make ovens too. Existing theories abound about neanderthal hearths and the structures built around them to capture and enhance their heat, primarily for extracting tar which they used

Did Shakespeare write the plays attributed to him? Yes. Source: John Taylor / Public Domain.

The Shakespeare Authorship Question: Snobbery and Wishful Thinking

Shakespeare was a genius. His plots may have been stolen, his knowledge of the worlds about which he wrote flawed and incomplete, but his poetry and his genius as a weaver of narrative threads is unsurpassed, even four hundred years later. How was it that a provincial glover’s son born in the early years of

Aztec skull whistles produce a sound which elicits a fundamentally different response in our brains to other natural sounds. Source: Jennysnest / CC BY-SA 4.0; inset Frühholz, S., Rodriguez, P., Bonard, M. et al. Psychoacoustic and Archeoacoustic nature of ancient Aztec skull whistles. Commun Psychol 2, 108 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s44271-024-00157-7.

A Hiss, and a Scream: The Reason Aztec Skull Whistles are so Scary

Musical instruments are near universal across all cultures, ancient and modern, but the music they make is not always pleasant. Aztec skull whistles, extremely versatile instruments from 500 years ago, are certainly not. Such whistles were used for more than 250 years from around 1250 AD by the Aztecs of Central America, producing a combination

1 19 20 21 22 23 37